Have You Been Charged With Unlicensed Driving
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What does it mean to be charged with unlicensed driving?
Section 18 of the Road Safety Act 1986 makes it an offence to drive a motor vehicle on a highway without holding a valid driver’s licence or learner’s permit.
What must the prosecution prove:
The prosecution must show that:
- You drove a motor vehicle on a highway; and
- You were not authorised to do so.
1.General Offence of Driving Unlicensed (Subsection 1)
It is an offence to drive a motor vehicle on a highway without a proper licence or permit. A person must:
- Hold a valid driver’s licence or learner’s permit for the specific vehicle category.
- Hold a licence or permit from another state, territory, or country that is recognised by the regulations; or
- Be otherwise authorised by the regulations.
Failing to meet one of these criteria constitutes an offence.
Penalties for Offending under subsection 1 (subsection 1A)
The standard penalty for this offence is:
- Up to 60 penalty units (a fine) or imprisonment for up to 6 months unless special circumstances (subsections 2 or 3) apply.
Reduced Penalty for Past Licence Holders (Subsection 2)
If the court finds that:
- The person had an appropriate licence at some point before the offence, and
- The licence was not cancelled due to any driving offence,
then the penalty is reduced to:
- Up to 10 penalty units or imprisonment for up to 1 month.
Vehicle Immobilisation for Certain Offenders (Subsection 4)
If subsection 3 applies, the court may order the offender’s vehicle to be immobilised (e.g., using wheel clamps) for up to 12 months.
The court also has the authority to:
- Specify conditions for the immobilisation,
- Make the order whether the vehicle belongs to the offender or someone else.
Higher Penalty for Driving After Disqualification (Subsection 3)
If the person:
- Was previously disqualified from obtaining a licence, and
- The disqualification period has ended, but they haven’t received an interlock condition direction or a new licence,
then they face a higher penalty:
- Up to 60 penalty units or imprisonment for up to 6 months.
Additional Protections for Affected Parties (Subsections 7-8)
If someone else could be significantly impacted by a vehicle immobilisation order, the court must summon them to explain why the order shouldn’t be applied to the vehicle.
Where will my case be heard?
Unlicensed driving offences will be heard in the Magistrates Court.
Will I lose my licence?
Under section 28 of the Road Safety Act 1986, a magistrate has the authority to suspend or disqualify a person’s driver’s licence in connection with certain charges, even if the person is currently unlicensed.
This means that simply being unlicensed does not prevent the magistrate from issuing a disqualification that would restrict you from obtaining a licence in the future. For individuals for whom driving is important, this is a significant consideration.
Our traffic lawyers are experienced in presenting persuasive arguments to the court, aimed at encouraging the magistrate to exercise discretion favourably toward the accused.
Factors and Defences to consider:
- Reasonable Belief in a Valid Licence:
If you genuinely believed your licence was valid at the time, such as if you had not received notice of cancellation or suspension, you could argue that you were unaware of your unlicensed status.
This may require proving that you took reasonable steps to stay informed about your licensing status.
- Emergency Situations:
If you were driving unlicensed due to an emergency, such as a medical emergency or another situation that required immediate action, you may argue that this was a necessary and reasonable response to the circumstances.
- Prior Licence Status:
If you held a valid licence in the past that was not cancelled due to any driving offence, this may not constitute a full defence but could reduce the severity of penalties under Section 18(2).
- Challenging Evidence:
You may challenge the prosecution’s evidence regarding your lack of a licence, such as proving that you held a valid interstate or international licence that authorises you to drive within the jurisdiction.
- Improper Notification of Disqualification:
If the disqualification or suspension of your licence was not properly communicated to you (e.g., the notice was not served correctly), you might argue that you were not lawfully informed of your unlicensed status.
Given the risk of disqualification, it is vital to contact a traffic lawyer at MK Law to tailor a defence specific to your circumstances.
Common questions about unlicensed driving
Under section 18 of the Road Safety Act 1986, the maximum depends on why you were unlicensed:
| Situation | Maximum penalty |
|---|---|
| Most cases, including never having held a licence | 60 penalty units ($12,546) or 6 months in prison |
| Your licence expired 6 months or less before, only because you did not renew it, and it was not cancelled for a driving offence | 20 penalty units ($4,182) or 1 month in prison |
| You held an interstate or overseas licence in the last 6 months that let you drive the vehicle and was not cancelled for a driving offence, and you had lived in Victoria 12 months or less | 20 penalty units ($4,182) or 1 month in prison |
| Your disqualification has ended, you have not been relicensed, and an interlock condition could apply | 240 penalty units ($50,184) or 2 years in prison, and the court can order the car immobilised for up to 12 months |
Police can give you an infringement notice instead: 5 penalty units (rounded to $1,046), or 2.5 penalty units (rounded to $523) in the two situations with a 20 penalty unit maximum. Except in those two situations, police can also impound the car under the hoon laws.
You can still be charged with unlicensed driving. On top of that, under section 40 of the Transport Accident Act 1986, the Transport Accident Commission will not pay you compensation for loss of earnings if you had never held a licence for that type of vehicle, if your licence was suspended or cancelled, or if it had gone unrenewed for 3 years or more. A learner with a supervisor beside them counts as licensed for this rule, as long as the supervisor is not a probationary driver.
Driving on a road without a licence or permit for that type of vehicle, an offence under section 18 of the Road Safety Act 1986. It covers people who have never held a licence, drivers whose licence has expired, and drivers licensed for a different type of vehicle. It also covers driving on a cancelled licence that was not replaced after any disqualification ended. Driving while suspended or disqualified is a separate offence, and so is driving an unregistered vehicle.
Yes. Unlicensed driving is an offence under section 18 of the Road Safety Act 1986, and charges go to the Magistrates’ Court. If police give you an infringement notice and you pay it, no conviction is recorded and paying is not an admission of guilt. You can choose to take the notice to court instead, and if the court finds you guilty, it decides whether to record a conviction.
Yes. If a court finds you guilty of unlicensed driving, section 28 of the Road Safety Act 1986 lets it disqualify you from obtaining a licence or learner permit for as long as it thinks fit, whether or not you hold one. There is no minimum period for unlicensed driving, so the magistrate decides whether to disqualify you and for how long. Driving during that disqualification is the separate offence of driving while disqualified.
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- Careless Driving
- Dangerous Driving
- Driver Duty Failures at Accidents
- Driving whilst Disqualified
- Driving whilst Suspended
- Improper Use of Motor Vehicles
- Failing to Nominate Driver of Vehicle
- Appeals of Immediate Licence Suspensions
- Impoundment of Motor Vehicles
- Exceeding Speed Limits in School Zones
- Reckless Conduct Endangering Life Or Serious Injury
- Culpable Driving Causing Death
- Dangerous Driving Causing Death or Serious Injury
- Dangerous or Negligent Driving Whilst Being Pursued by Police
- Infringement Warrants and Unpaid Fines
What happens next?
At MK Law, we understand the serious implications of driving offences and the importance of thorough preparation to secure the best possible outcome. Now is the time to ensure you have an experienced lawyer by your side who can provide sound advice, assist in gathering and presenting evidence, and guide you through the entire legal process. If you’ve been charged with unlicensed driving, call MK Law today to schedule a consultation with one of our skilled lawyers.
A Magistrate has discretion in these cases, and discussing your situation with an expert in traffic offences is essential to building a strong defence. Our team has extensive experience representing clients in court for driving offences, and we are committed to advocating for your rights and achieving the best result for you.
Do not delay, call MK Law today on 1800 130 120.
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- 2/212 Barkly Street, St Kilda Victoria, 3182 Australia
- 1800 130 120
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